One-Sample t-Test Calculator
Compute one-sample t-statistic from sample values and hypothesized mean.
One-Sample t-Test Calculator tests whether a sample mean differs from a hypothesized reference mean. The null hypothesis states that the population mean equals the reference value, while the alternative hypothesis states that it is different, greater, or smaller depending on the test design. The t-statistic compares the observed mean difference with the standard error of the mean, and degrees of freedom usually equal sample size minus one. The p-value measures how unusual the observed result would be if the null hypothesis were true; it is not the probability that the null hypothesis is true. This test is useful for small-sample inference when population variance is unknown, but it assumes independent observations and roughly appropriate distributional behavior.